大桌期货 期货大老

期货电子书

《克罗谈期货交易策略》

Kroll on Futures Trading Strategy（Stanley Kroll, 1988）

是本好书，需要的话留个邮箱我发给你

以下是书的引子和序：

FOREWORD

引子

In John Train’s excellent book, The Money Masters, he writes about the careers and professional methods of nine great investors. Among them are several stars whose names are well known to all of us- Warren Buffet, Benjamin Graham, T. Rowe Price, Larry Tisch, and John Templeton. There, among this“Murderers’ Row” of investors, you will also find the name of Stanley Kroll. Train describes the commodities business, where Stanley made his money, as an“impossible casino.” If this is so, Kroll has had some good runs at the gaming table, and they clearly are no accident or mere luck.

在《股市大亨》这本佳作中，作者约翰•崔恩描述了9位投资大师的生平事迹和专业技能。其中几位明星——沃伦•巴菲特，本杰明•格雷厄姆，T•袭没洛威•普莱斯，拉里•狄许和约翰•坦普顿，他们都是我们熟悉的大师。在这些堪称“谋杀者行列”的投资者中，你也能找到斯坦利•克罗的大名。崔恩描述了斯坦利在“不可能赌场”中赚钱的期货告慧交易。果真如此，克罗袜禅答在赌桌上的确演出了几场精彩好戏，这绝非意外或纯属运气。

In the 1970s, Stanley had a three-year run during which he built$18,000 of his own money into$1 million. And he performed with equally spectacular skill for his partners. It’s best to leave the other tales of Stanley’s exploits to readers of Train’s book. Suffice it to say that they are impressive displays of guts and brains.

70年代，斯坦利有一场为时3年的演出，他将自己的18000元增值到100万元，他为他的合伙人也赚到了相同的报酬。斯坦利其它的精彩演出，读者可以从崔恩的著作一窥究竟。不用多说，这些表现明白地展现出他的胆识和智慧。

I am not a“commodities man” myself. I try to stick to the paths that I understand better, primarily equities and debt instruments. For me, reading Kroll on Futures Trading Strategy was an education. The thing that most impresses me about the book is that virtually all the major tenets of Kroll’s advice are rooted in a constant regard for discipline and common sense. In short, the best parts of his advice share the underpinnings of any good investment strategy- watch the markets carefully, do copious research, and keep a level head. As Stanley points out, hapless traders act“on the basis of emotion instead of discipline, sentiment instead of logic, and subjectivity instead of objectivity.”

我并非“期货人”。我试图坚守在自己比较了解的金融工具，主要是股票和债券。对我而言，阅读《克罗谈期货交易策略》是一种学习。令我印象最深刻的是，克罗建议中最重要的原则几乎完全根植于对纪律和常识的关注。简而言之，他最佳的建议透露出一切良好投资策略的基础——用心观察市场，深入研究，保持客观。斯坦利指出，不幸的交易者“根据情绪而非纪律，依据感觉而非逻辑，以主观而非客观行事。”

Stanley’s trading philosophy draws most of its important principles from a central core that is key to almost all investing- identify the major ongoing trend of each market and trade in the direction of the dominant trend. Most really savvy investors know that this is as much a key of making money in equities as it is in commodities. One of the reasons that Stanley is highly regarded and has done so well is that his feet are grounded in concrete and not in clay.

斯坦利的交易哲学从一个核心思想导出若干重要原则，这个核心思想几乎是所有投资行为的关键——辨别出市场的重大趋势，并且顺势交易。多数聪明的投资者都明白这个核心思想，在期货市场和股票市场获利的关键是一样的。斯坦利表现良好且受重视的原因之一，即是他脚踏实地而非浮沙建塔。

When you meet Stanley, as I have many times, you are immediately impressed by how little this expert on commodities claims to know. This is one of the greatest strengths of most real experts. They don’t get overly confident or pretend omniscience. Better to constantly assume that you don’t know enough and constantly investigate your assumptions and numbers; hence, another important Kroll tenet-play in the real world. As he puts it,“the need for a disciplined and objective approach to futures trading is a recurring theme in this book.” Realistically, it is the theme of the book.

如果你见到斯坦利，会和我见到他一样，他认为交易期货不需要了解太多的东西，你会对这个观点印象深刻。这也正是大多数真正专家最突出的优点之一。他们不会过度自信或假装什么都知道。最好是承认自己知识不足，而不断研究自己的假设和数字。斯坦利另一个重要原则是——做真实的交易。正如他所说，“期货交易所需要的纪律和客观方法是本书一再重复的主题。”其实，这就是本书的主题。

Reading Kroll on Futures Trading Strategy can do a little something for all investors. It will not make you into an avid commodities trader overnight, but there is solid advice for each of us. For the novice, it brings a sense, stated in plain English, of how these markets operate and what investing“systems” can work well. For the expert, the book contains plenty of details for resharpening already good steel. For the investor in general, Stanley offers a sense of what makes good investors really good- consistent hard effort on research and the discipline to put it to work participating in significant market trends. Everyone with money in any market can benefit from a healthy dose of Stanley’s advice.

阅读《克罗谈期货交易策略》一书，能使所有投资者有所收获。它不会让你一夜之间成为鲜活的期货交易者，但本书为我们提供了可靠的建议。对新手而言，书中用平铺直叙的文字告诉你市场是如何运作的，以及哪种投资“系统”能带来利润。对专家而言，本书的很多细节能让你锦上添花。对于普通投资者而言，斯坦利提出优秀投资者成功的线索——不断努力研究，并且付诸行动，以有纪律的方式顺势交易。任何投资者都可以从斯坦利的合理建议中受益。

Douglas A. McIntyre

President& Publisher

FINANCIAL WORLD

New York City

May 27, 1987

道格拉斯•A•麦金太尔

总裁兼发行人

《金融世界》杂志

纽约市

1987年5月27日

PREFACE

作者序言

The fund manager from Seattle, visibly agitated, had been giving me a hard time. It was a bleak mid-November afternoon in 1985, and he had come to Port Washington to talk to me about his futures trading. As we sat in the paneled salon of my boat-cum-office-cum-residence, he painfully described how he had been whipsawed in soybeans over the past year in a succession of losing trades- despite what appeared to have been a reasonably(down) trending market. Trouble was, he had allowed himself to be influenced by news, TV reports, and trade gossip. Although he had gotten onto the right(short) side of the market at times, he invariably panicked(he called it“defensive posturing”) and closed out his good positions at nearly every countertrend rally that came along. He somehow“managed” to hang onto his losing trades during this period, which considerably worsened his already dismal performance. His state of mind during our meeting matched his gloomy track record.

西雅图来访的基金经理人，显然情绪不安，给我带来了挑战。那是1985年11月中旬一个寒冷的下午，他来到华盛顿港，和我讨论他的期货交易。当时我们坐在既是住处又是办公室的船舱中，他痛苦地描述着，过去几年他一直在黄豆市场惨遭洗盘，造成一连串损失的经历——他竟然看不出来那是个很合理的下跌趋势。他的问题是，他让自己受到新闻、电视报导和小道消息的影响。虽然有时候他会抓对市场趋势（下跌），却始终受到惊吓（他称之为“防守”），总是在之后的行情反弹时平仓了。不知为何，他又会抱牢亏钱的仓位，使得原本表现欠佳的成绩雪上加霜。他和我谈话时所表露的心态，和他差劲的交易纪录吻合。

Having gotten his grim confession off his chest, he asked, rather testily, what my trading system had done in beans over the period.“It’s been short since June 11,” was my response.“June 11? What’s so great about that,” he managed to grumble, mentally calculating the time interval as being just five months.“June 11 of 1984,” I replied. A long silence ensued. We both knew that, having being continuously short of soybeans for the past 17 months, the profit in the position exceeded$10,000 per contract.

在一吐心中愤闷后，他不耐烦地问道，我的交易系统这段时间在黄豆市场的表现如何？我回答，“从6月11日开始，交易系统一直指示做空，”。“6月11日？那有什么了不起，”他嘟囔着，心里想这只不过是5个月的时间。我回答说，“1984年6月11日，”接着便是一段沉默。我们两人都明白，如果过去17个月持续做空黄豆，每份合约的利润会超过10000元。

Regrettably, this sort of conversation has been repeated countless times over the past 30 years, leading me to the inescapable conclusion that each trader’s worst enemy is neither the market nor the other players. It is he, himself…aided and abetted by his misguided hopes and fears, his lack of discipline to trade with the trend and to allow profits to run while limiting losses on bad positions, his boredom and inertia, his apparent need for“action,” and his lack of confidence in his own(frequently correct) analysis and trading decisions.

遗憾的是，过去30年来，这类谈话一直重复不断，我得下结论说，任何一位交易者最大的敌人绝不是市场或其他玩家，而是他自己。他们的缺点表现在：受到妄想的鼓舞，受到恐惧的教唆，没有顺势交易，不会“截住损失，让利润奔跑”，感到无聊，坏习惯，冲动交易，对自己（经常是正确的）分析和交易决策缺乏信心。

Someone once said that the surest way to make a small fortune in futures trading is to start with a large fortune. Unfortunately, there is considerable truth in that bit of cynical logic. Clearly, the losers outnumber the winners by a substantial margin. So what is it that continues to attract an increasing number of investors to this game? For me, it is the knowledge-confirmed by nearly 30 years of personal experience- that the futures market is clearly the best way for an investor to have the opportunity to parlay a modest initial stake into a substantial fortune. For a trade firm or financial institution the futures markets present a means of laying off(hedging) financial risks and, in fact, having the potential to make a profit on dealings that would otherwise be a sure loss. Countless family fortunes and international mercantile empires had their humble beginnings in canny and profitable commodity dealings.

有人曾经说，要想在期货交易上赚到一笔财富，最确定的方法是先要拥有一大笔财富。不幸的事是，这种愤世嫉俗式的逻辑却隐含着普遍的真理。很明显，输家比赢家多得多。既然如此，为什么这个游戏仍然能吸引一批又一批投资者？根据我近30年来的经验，我认为期货市场显然对投资者而言，诱惑就是一开始就有机会以一小笔赌本赢到巨大财富。对贸易商和金融机构而言，期货市场则提供了一种对冲财务风险的方法，而且还能够在交易中获利，相反，也会亏损。无数家族的财富以及国际商业王国都是以精明且获利十足的期货交易起家的。

But surely it takes far more than desire and wishful thinking for the operator to break into the winners circle. To be successful, an investor must be practical and objective, pragmatic and disciplined, and, above all, independent and confident in his analysis and market strategy. One maxim, which has consistently guided me during scores of trading campaigns, comes from Jesse Livermore, perhaps the most successful lone market operator during the first half of this century:“There is only one side of the market, and it is not the bull side or bear side, but the right side.”

交易者要想进入赢家行列，光有欲望和一厢情愿的想法是肯定不行的。要想成功，投资者必须实际而且客观，务实而且守纪律，更重要的是，要独立，并对自己独到的分析和市场策略满怀信心。在无数次的交易中，始终指引我的一句名言即来自于杰西•利弗莫尔，他或许是本世纪头50年间最成功的独立交易者。他表示：“市场只有一个方向，不是多头，也不是空头，而是做对的方向。”

I’ve spent my entire professional career as a practitioner in quest of speculative profits. But I still consider myself both student and practitioner for, in reality, you never stop learning about markets, price trends, and trading strategy. After all these years, I’m still concerned with the quest for profits- no, for substantial profits- from the markets. Considering the tremendous financial risks involved, the emotional strain, and the feelings of loneliness, isolation, self-doubt, and, at times, sheer terror which are the futures operator’s almost constant companions, you shouldn’t be content with merely making“profits.” Substantial profits must be your goal.

我一生以追求投机利润作为我的专业生涯。但我还是认定自己即是学生又是专业交易者，毕竟在现实里，你必须坚持研究市场、价格趋势和交易策略。经历这些年，我仍关心从市场上获取利润——不，是获取暴利。但在衡量巨大的财务风险、紧张、孤独、孤立、疑虑、甚至莫名的恐惧，当然这几乎都是期货交易者的经常伴侣，你不应该只以“利润”为满足，暴利必须成为你的目标。

That is what this book is all about. It’s about the strategy and the tactics of seeking substantial profits from the markets. It’s about getting aboard a significant trend near its inception and riding it to as near to its conclusion as humanly possible. It is about making more on your winning trades and losing less on your losers. It is about pyramiding your winning positions to maximize profits while keeping losses under control.

这就是本书所要谈的。本书内容涉及从市场赚取暴利的策略以及战术。本书要谈的是如何在市场即将发动大行情之际上车，并且力所能及地稳坐到行情结束。本书内容也包括教你如何在赚钱的交易赚得更多，在亏钱的交易亏得更少。本书也会告诉你在赚钱的仓位中以金字塔方式加仓以追求最大利润并控制好亏损。

It is my belief, confirmed in the real world of tens of thousands of trades made by hundreds of traders, that viable money management strategy and tactics are as important to an overall profitable operation as a first-class trading system or technique.

我相信，已经有几百个交易者通过成千上万次的交易实战确认了，有效的资金管理策略和战术，与一流的交易系统或技术一样重要。

And, although I would ideally prefer to have both, my priority would be for the best in strategy and tactics. You will do better, in my option, with first-class strategy and tactics and a mediocre trading system than the reverse. A significant portion of this book will be concerned with elaborating on that premise because I consider first-class strategy and tactics as the linchpin of any successful trading campaign.

另外，对于上面所说的，虽然理想上我希望二者兼备，但我会首选一流的策略和战术，辅以普通的交易系统。我认为，如果运用一流的策略和战术，辅以普通的交易系统，结果会比你运用一流的交易系统，辅以普通的策略和战术要好。本书大部分内容会详细说明这个结论，因为我认为一流的策略和战术是一切成功交易的关键。

One final word before you embark on this book. Readers may write to me, in care of the publisher, about any aspects of this book they would like to discuss further. I will respond to the best of my ability and time availability.

在阅读本书之前，还要提醒一点。读者可以写信给我，请出版商转交，我愿意进一步和读者讨论书中的任何问题。我会尽已所能并抓紧时间回复。（张轶注：克罗在1999年去世了。）

Stanley Kroll

斯坦利•克罗

股票和期货那个好

股票和期货那个好

股票和期货是目前最流行的两种理财方式，它们两个做好了都能赚大钱，做不好都会亏的吐血。

但是，相比之下，股票在某些方面还是比期货更有优势，它的优势体现在以下几个方面。

第一、股票适合长期持有，期货只适合短期赚差价

股票是价值投资，买进一只股票相当于对这个公司的投资。

只要看准大势，就可以长期持有。还可以享受上市公司的分红。

期货主要是投机，靠高卖低买赚差价。期货合约是没有什么内在价值的。

只扒型要交易者愿意，随时都可以卖出合约。

第二、股票风险小，期货风险大

期货说白了就是使用保证金借贷投资孝轿。所以承担的风险比较大。

只要价格反向运动的金额超过保证金，那么你投入的钱就全打了水漂了。

股票是按实际金额认购的，没有负债。所以承担的风险也相对较小。

在股票市场，只要看对方向，一般都不会赔钱。但是期货市场即使看对方向，也有可能亏损出场。

第三、股票账面金额变成负数也没关系，期货账面金额变成负数会被期货公司强行平仓

期货的账面金额一旦变成负数，期货公司就会强行平仓，没有任何回旋的余地。

不管你投入多少钱，这些钱都会灰飞烟灭。

而股票就算春慎猜账面金额变成了负数，只要自己不平仓，没有人敢去平掉你的仓位。

你可以一直持有，等行情有所转机的时候再平仓。

只要不遇到上市公司退市，一般都能回点本。

第四、股票不用经常盯盘，可以业余操作。期货要经常盯盘，必须要专职操作。

股票可以业余时间做，只要看准了大势，买进后不用经常看盘。一些上班族也可以操作。

而期货可不行，期货买进去不管，可能很快就会收到期货公司要求追加保证金的通知。

以上就是我总结的股票比期货优越的地方，我是站在风险大小的角度来比较的。

其实每一种投资都有它的优势和不足，主要是看投资者如何去处理。

期货新手怎样做期货

长久以来，我一直在论坛上看到有许多期货新手发帖讨教做期货的方法，我忍不住发这一帖，目的是让那些新收们用最简单的方法去做复杂的期货。

在国外，证券界流传着这样一句话：知者不言，言者不知。其实，在中国也链首是一样。各大期货论坛上都有这样的帖子：让你跟踪帖子看他操实盘。说句得罪的话，这不过是期评们干的事儿。自己帐户里没有资金，让棚薯数别人跟着你的模拟盘做这算什么实盘交易？如果是真的实盘交易那就把每天期货公司的资金帐单贴上来，要有公司名称、交易流水号。有人把这样的帐单贴上来，而且是盈利的，那可以跟着他做，不然全是扯蛋。

论坛上发这种帖的大部分都是期货公司的经济人、客户经理之类的，发帖的目的不过是为了多拉些客户，对于做期货肚子里是没几两水的，这些人最误人子弟。我不妨在这里告诉新手朋友，文化论坛每星期都有所谓的高手坐堂回答网友们的问题，有一次是我认识的人，他做期货只有4个月，你们如果不相信那是你们的事。期货这种东西，哪怕一点不懂，瞎蒙也能蒙对的，这也是期货最迷人的魅力所在。

话题扯远了，还是言手闭归正传吧。对于期货新手，第一，首先要做的功课是了解自己的个性。做期货不是光靠技术，如果成功按10分来算的话，技术只占4分，而个性占6分。做期货需要天赋的，这里的天赋就是指你的个性能不能做期货交易。如果你不合适做，但又想靠期货赚钱，那就只有请高手替你做了。这一点是非常重要的，先看看自己是不是吃这行饭的人。

第二，就是迅速了解期货品种。根据自己的资金找准合适自己做的品种这是很重要的，资金小，抗风险能力差，就暂时不合适去做铜、铝这样的既大、交投又十分活跃的品种。即使是大资金也不可能所有品种都涉足，当然有自己的投资团队又另当别论。

第三，是掌握几项基本的看盘技术，也就是技术分析方法。技术分析的工具有很多，如果要全部弄懂再去做，也不知要等到猴年马月。何况很多技术分析工具竟然是互相矛盾对立的。其实技术分析不需要懂那么多，就是许多资深的交易员也是用几种最简单的分析工具。

第四，看几本经典的期货书籍。现在教你做期货的书太多，很多都是华而不实，并且都是在炒剩饭，好书只要看几本就足够了。这里我推荐一本是STANLEY KROLL著的《KROLL ON FUTURES TRADING STRATEGY》（《期货交易策略》）。这本书没有教你怎么样用技术分析或是基本面分析去做期货，但却能让所有投资人受益匪浅。这本书24小时放在我的办公桌上，对我来说，每阅读一遍都无异于一次受教。

第五：根据你自己的资金做一个投资计划。别以为只有大资金才需要做投资计划，小资金亦然。一个好的投资计划是投资成功的一半。在这个计划里你要决定将要投资的品种，预测投资盈利，设定投资止损，如果交易盈利则一步一步设定盈利止损。

第六：如果以上四步你都做到了，并且做好了。那么，还犹豫什么呢？你现在最需要的就是——进场。模拟交易永远不会让人进步，记住这一点，千万别花时间在这上面。进场后你唯一要做的就是按照你的投资计划一步一步做，如果跟上了主趋势，千万别平仓，如果做反了，赶紧逃跑。

第七，当你还是个新手时不要总是泡在各大论坛上，别去看那些期评的文章，坚持自己的观点，赚了钱千万别跑，没到止损坚决不出。

就是这样，做期货一点不难，真的，其实很简单。

新手怎么做期货

方法/步骤

刚刚从事期货的新手，首先要做好心理准备。虽然期货投资也具有一点对赌的性质，但是对于一个已经存在几百年的行业来说，必定有其科学成分和一定的经验总结。所以，要以做一番事业，必须有长期投资的毕中心态。戴卓赚一把就走或者一夜暴富的想法，亏钱的可能性极大

了解相关制度和交易规则。对于期货新手来说，必须了解期货特有的交易规则，比如说保证金制度，不同品种的保证金比例不同，同一品种不同月份的保证金也可能不同；外盘和内盘的相互影响；交易时间和夜场的情况；每一合约的各自特点和相互联系；涨跌停板制度等等。

掌握基本的下单方法。一是选择什么样的交易系统，是否开通手机交易。二是确定交易系统后，熟记交易密码和做好保密。掌握下单的技巧，知道如何挂单、下单、止盈、止损、对冲。第三了解操作合约的主力合约情况，主力合约的转移，如何进行套利操作。

多看少动。这不仅是对新手的要求，即是从事行业多年的行家里手也要保持这种状态。期货投资风险很高，所以必须多看少做，了解和掌握合约基本规律，行情走势验证之前的判断，经过多次练习之后，才可以操作。

轻仓慢行。做期货不是赌博，发财不能指望一朝一夕，作为新手来说，最好进行尝试性投资，比如准备100万资金投资，可以分批次打入账户。在合约交易时，一定要保持轻仓，正常人们认为适当的保证金占用资金是20%，那么新手应该在10%一下。

自主操作。既然是做期货，必然带有自己的看法。从事期货后，微信朋友圈、QQ群、论坛、贴吧的交流，电视、报纸、网络的厅友专家点评，所谓高手的心得、朋友的内幕等待，来自四面八方纷繁复杂的种种信息，充斥着你的感官。对于这些信息也不要一味抵制，但是不可以完全相信，要有自己的看法，决策由自己出。

注意事项

选择正规的平台；

做好风险控制手伏山。